Questions 36-40: Each of the following sentences has one error (A, B, C, or D). Find it and underline the error.

Questions 41-45: Which of the following best restates each of the given sentences?

Questions 46-52: Read the passage carefully.

1. The use of technology in education has increased dramatically over the past few years. From online learning platforms to educational apps, technology has transformed the way we teach and learn. It provides access to a vast amount of information and enables students to learn at their own pace. However, the impact of these changes is not fully understood.

2. The integration of technology also creates new challenges. There’s concern about the digital divide, where students from disadvantaged backgrounds might not have the same access to technology as their wealthier counterparts, causing further inequalities. It also raises concerns about screen time and how technology affects students' attention spans and physical health.

3. Another crucial aspect is the training and support needed for teachers. Educators now need to be proficient in using new educational tools, requiring additional professional development. Moreover, the focus of education needs to change, incorporating digital literacy and preparing students for a technologically driven workforce.

4. It’s not only the classroom that has changed, though. Home learning is also hugely different now. Parents face the challenge of understanding and supporting their children with online tasks and projects. Navigating different online learning environments may be challenging to those without adequate technological background or who are new to this.

5. In spite of the challenges, technology opens up numerous possibilities for students. Personalized learning, virtual field trips, and interactive lessons can make learning more engaging and effective. When utilized effectively, technology has the potential to enhance education for all.

Questions 53-60: Read the passage carefully.

1. The Arctic is warming at an alarming rate, causing significant changes to its fragile ecosystem. This phenomenon, known as Arctic amplification, is occurring because of the loss of reflective ice, which usually bounces sunlight back into space. As sea ice melts, it exposes the darker ocean water which absorbs more heat, creating a positive feedback loop that exacerbates warming and results in environmental changes globally.

2. This Arctic warming has numerous consequences, particularly for wildlife dependent on ice habitats. Polar bears, for example, rely on sea ice to hunt for seals; when the ice diminishes, they struggle to find food, resulting in population decline and changes in migration habits. Additionally, smaller animals, including plankton and fish, are disrupted as they respond to rising ocean temperatures and changes in food chain structures.

3. Furthermore, the melting of permafrost – permanently frozen ground – releases stored carbon dioxide and methane, powerful greenhouse gases. This adds to the acceleration of climate change and has impacts on global sea levels. Coastal communities are also being impacted by the erosion of coastlines as the ground under them is melting.

4. The consequences of Arctic warming extend far beyond the Arctic region. Changing atmospheric conditions are impacting weather patterns around the globe, leading to more frequent extreme weather events such as hurricanes, droughts, and floods. These drastic shifts have impacts on economies, human health, and resources globally.

5. Understanding the interconnectedness of the Arctic region with the rest of the world is critical in responding to this crisis. Global collaboration and ambitious reductions in greenhouse gas emissions are needed urgently to slow the pace of climate change in order to safeguard the Arctic’s future.